Khar Bukhiin Ruins

Located 12 km west of the center of Dashinchilen soum in Bulgan Province, on the southern bank of the Khar Bukhiin River and northeast of Khadaasan Tolgoi, are the ruins of an ancient city known as Khar Bukhiin or Khadaasangiin ruins. These city ruins are associated with two different historical periods. The first dates to the 10th–11th centuries during the Khitan state. During excavations, clay vessels similar to Uyghur artifacts from the 9th century were discovered. Researchers have determined that vessels of the same form and ornamentation were widely distributed along the Amur River and the coast of the Eastern Sea. The main basis for linking this ruin to the Khitan period is the discovery of a roof tile with Khitan script at the Ching Tolgoi ruins, which is identical in form to those found here.

Later, in the early 17th century, stone-only buildings were constructed within the walls of this ancient city. These consisted of several large buildings with strong defensive walls, and the stone masonry techniques are commonly observed in other Mongolian fortifications of the 17th century, while the architectural style resembles Tibetan construction methods. It is said that these structures were built by Tsogt Taij, a leading Khalkha noble. In the early 20th century, Ilden Zasag Norovjantsan, a descendant of Tsogt Taij who lived in this area, also confirmed this account.